Timeline

2026

1. 6 Oct 2026Waymo in Detroit: driverless rides for employees or invitees - Fully autonomous operation began for Waymo employees only source
2. 1 Oct 2026Nissan in Yokohama: public rides with a safety operator - FY2026 pilot with 10 vehicles and about 500 monitors, Tue-Fri 8:30-16:00, to 2026-12-18. source
3. 17 Sep 2026Waymo in San Antonio: paid driverless service - Service restarted with flood-risk restrictions and software changes source
4. 14 Sep 2026Waymo in Las Vegas: paid driverless service - Public service opened, riders invited on a rolling basis from 100,000+ sign-ups source
5. 10 Sep 2026RegulationSpain: First national Level 4 permit (ES-AV) granted to WeRide, Uber and AVOMO source
6. 10 Sep 2026WeRide in Madrid: testing with safety driver - DGT granted Spain's first national Level 4 permit (ES-AV framework) for testing, mapping and readiness of WeRide GXR with an in-car specialist source
7. 3 Sep 2026Tesla Robotaxi in Austin: paid driverless service - Cybercab rides began source
8. 3 Sep 2026RegulationUnited States (federal): NHTSA opened Audit Query AQ26002 into Tesla Cybercab FMVSS self-certification source
9. 3 Sep 2026Wayve in London: public rides with a safety operator - Supervised autonomous rides on Uber, TfL-licensed private hire driver on board; vehicles licensed as PHVs in August 2026 source
10. 1 Sep 2026First in cityFirst public driverless rides in Denver: Waymo - Public rides opened gradually to sign-ups source
11. 1 Sep 2026First in cityFirst public driverless rides in San Diego: Waymo - Public rides opened gradually to sign-ups source
12. 1 Sep 2026Waymo in Tampa: paid driverless service - Public rides opened gradually to sign-ups source
13. Sep 2026DiDi Autonomous Driving in Beijing: public driverless rides (free) - R2 driverless passenger trials in selected demonstration zones source
14. 20 Aug 2026SWM (SWM.ai) in Seoul: public rides with a safety operator - Fleet expanded from 7 to 19 vehicles. source
15. 20 Aug 2026RegulationSouth Korea (Seoul): Gangnam fleet expanded to 19 vehicles. source
16. 20 Aug 2026Waymo in Houston: paid driverless service - Opened to all riders source
17. 14 Aug 2026RegulationCalifornia, United States: CPUC approved Waymo paid driverless service across 18 counties source
18. 10 Aug 2026Zoox in Las Vegas: paid driverless service - Paid rides began after NHTSA commercial exemption source
19. 5 Aug 2026RegulationUnited Kingdom: TfL grants PHV licences to Wayve vehicles for Uber trial source
20. 4 Aug 2026Waymo in Dallas: paid driverless service - Opened to all riders source
21. Aug 2026Apollo Go (Baidu) in Wuhan: paid driverless service - Baidu said operations in affected cities began to resume as of August; vehicles seen back on streets from early July, some with safety drivers source
22. Aug 2026Auve Tech in Tallinn: driverless rides for employees or invitees - Authorisation to remove onboard safety operator; remote supervision; employees and equipment transport (commercial operation since 2025 with operator) source
23. Aug 2026RegulationChina (national): First mandatory national standard on L3/L4 ADS safety requirements recently issued (per Baidu) source
24. Aug 2026Yandex (autonomous driving unit) in Moscow: testing with safety driver - Robotaxi route between Yandex offices open to employees only, test driver in cabin source
25. 28 Jul 2026Apollo Go (Baidu) in London: testing with safety driver - Road tests of Apollo Go RT6 with human safety operators began in Brent with Freenow by Lyft source
26. 23 Jul 2026RegulationChina (national): Bloomberg reports permit issuance resuming gradually after review completed in late June source
27. 23 Jul 2026RegulationHong Kong SAR, China: First fully driverless trial approved on Airport Island source
28. 21 Jul 2026First in cityFirst public driverless rides in Tampa: Tesla Robotaxi - Unsupervised Model Y rides launched, no safety monitor source
29. 21 Jul 2026Momenta in Shenzhen: testing with safety driver - Intelligent connected vehicle road-testing permit for Momenta robotaxi source
30. 21 Jul 2026Tesla Robotaxi in Orlando: paid driverless service - Unsupervised Model Y rides launched, no safety monitor source
31. 15 Jul 2026Apollo Go (Baidu) in Dubai: paid driverless service - RTA introduces a fare of Dh5 per ride. source
32. 15 Jul 2026RegulationDubai, United Arab Emirates: RTA introduces a Dh5 fare for driverless taxi rides (previously free). source
33. 15 Jul 2026MOIA in Hamburg: public rides with a safety operator - Passenger test operation for selected pre-registered residents, shared rides at virtual stops, trained safety operator on board source
34. 8 Jul 2026Waymo in Denver: driverless rides for employees or invitees - Rider-only operations started, initially for employees source
35. 8 Jul 2026Waymo in Las Vegas: driverless rides for employees or invitees - Rider-only operations started, initially for employees source
36. 8 Jul 2026Waymo in San Diego: driverless rides for employees or invitees - Rider-only operations started, initially for employees source
37. 8 Jul 2026Waymo in Tampa: driverless rides for employees or invitees - Rider-only operations started, initially for employees source
38. 3 Jul 2026Tesla Robotaxi in Miami: paid driverless service - Fully unsupervised Model Y rides launched source
39. Jul 2026Apollo Go (Baidu) in Hong Kong: driverless testing - Transport Department approved fully driverless tests on Airport Island with no in-vehicle backup operator (2026-07-23) source
40. Jul 2026RegulationUnited States (federal): First commercial exemption for a purpose-built robotaxi (Zoox), up to 2,500 vehicles per year source
41. 22 Jun 2026Pony.ai in Singapore: public rides with a safety operator - Zig Driverless public rides start, free, booked via Zig app or BookingSG. source
42. 12 Jun 2026RegulationSwitzerland: FEDRO special Level 4 operating permit for AmiGo (Apollo Go / PostBus) announced source
43. 1 Jun 2026Apollo Go (Baidu) in St. Gallen: testing with safety driver - Open-road testing of Apollo Go RT6 with safety operator under FEDRO special operating permit for Level 4 source
44. Jun 2026Nuro in Houston: testing with safety driver - 24/7 autonomous on-road testing with safety operators source
45. Jun 2026Pony.ai in Luxembourg: testing with safety driver - Robotaxi pilot with Stellantis and Bolt testing Level 4-capable Peugeot e-Traveller vans on a ride-hailing platform source
46. 8 May 2026RegulationCalifornia, United States: CPUC drivered pilot permit for Nuro source
47. 8 May 2026Nuro in San Francisco: testing with safety driver - CPUC drivered pilot permit for passenger service testing source
48. May 2026RegulationUnited Kingdom: UK opened applications for operating licences source
49. May 2026newmo in Osaka: testing with safety driver - Level 2 road testing with a safety driver begins in Maishima under a cooperation agreement with Osaka City (signed 2026-04-08). source
50. 29 Apr 2026RegulationChina (national): Bloomberg reports suspension of new robotaxi permits nationwide source
51. 29 Apr 2026RegulationWuhan, Hubei, China: Apollo Go Wuhan operations reported suspended during investigation source
52. 20 Apr 2026Pony.ai in Dubai: driverless testing - Pony.ai announces fully driverless testing on Dubai public roads. source
53. 18 Apr 2026Tesla Robotaxi in Dallas: paid driverless service - Rollout announced; riders reported no one in the front seats source
54. 18 Apr 2026Tesla Robotaxi in Houston: paid driverless service - Rollout announced; riders reported no one in the front seats source
55. 15 Apr 2026Waymo in Miami: paid driverless service - Opened to everyone source
56. 15 Apr 2026Waymo in Orlando: paid driverless service - Opened to everyone source
57. 14 Apr 2026Waymo in London: testing with safety driver - Autonomous operation with trained specialists behind the wheel began source
58. 13 Apr 2026Nuro in San Francisco: testing with safety driver - Uber employee test rides began source
59. 8 Apr 2026Verne in Zagreb: public rides with a safety operator - Public paid robotaxi service launched in the Verne app with trained safety operators on board source
60. 7 Apr 2026First in cityFirst public driverless rides in Nashville: Waymo - Opened to public riders invited on a rolling basis via Waymo app source
61. 7 Apr 2026Pony.ai in Singapore: public rides with a safety operator - Route 2 community rides begin, invitation-only. source
62. 1 Apr 2026Apollo Go (Baidu) in Dubai: public driverless rides (free) - Dubai Taxi launches fully driverless rides via the Apollo Go app after RTA's 2026-03-31 rollout; rides were free initially. source
63. 1 Apr 2026RegulationSingapore: Public rides begin on LTA-selected Punggol autonomous shuttle routes. source
64. 1 Apr 2026WeRide in Singapore: public rides with a safety operator - Public rides open on Routes 1 and 3 and Route 3 Mini; safety operators on board; free of charge. source
65. Apr 2026SuspendedApollo Go (Baidu) in Wuhan: suspended - Citywide suspension after dozens of robotaxis stalled on 2026-03-31 due to a system malfunction; regulators investigated source
66. Apr 2026RegulationChina (national): MIIT and two other agencies meet pilot cities, order self-reviews after Wuhan outage source
67. Apr 2026SWM (SWM.ai) in Seoul: public rides with a safety operator - Service becomes paid. source
68. Apr 2026RegulationSouth Korea (Seoul): Gangnam autonomous taxi becomes paid. source
69. Apr 2026SuspendedWaymo in San Antonio: suspended - Paused after flash flooding swept away one robotaxi; recall followed source
70. Apr 2026Zoox in Miami: driverless rides for employees or invitees - Robotaxis driving since April; rides limited to employees, families and friends source
71. 31 Mar 2026RegulationDubai, United Arab Emirates: RTA launches commercial autonomous taxi operations with Apollo Go and WeRide in Umm Suqeim and Jumeirah. source
72. 31 Mar 2026First in cityFirst public driverless rides in Dubai: WeRide - Fully driverless fare-charging service launches in Umm Suqeim and Jumeirah via the Uber Autonomous option. source
73. 31 Mar 2026RegulationNew York, United States: Waymo NYC testing permits expired source
74. 31 Mar 2026SuspendedWaymo in New York City: suspended - City testing permits expired; only manual driving for data collection allowed source
75. 31 Mar 2026RegulationWuhan, Hubei, China: Mass stall of Apollo Go robotaxis; police cite system malfunction source
76. 13 Mar 2026Motional in Las Vegas: public rides with a safety operator - Uber service launched with a vehicle operator behind the wheel source
77. Mar 2026Verne in Zagreb: testing with safety driver - Road tests with Arcfox Alpha T5 vehicles under way by 30 March 2026 source
78. 24 Feb 2026First in cityFirst public driverless rides in Dallas: Waymo - Opened to first public riders by invitation source
79. 24 Feb 2026First in cityFirst public driverless rides in Houston: Waymo - Opened to first public riders by invitation source
80. 24 Feb 2026First in cityFirst public driverless rides in Orlando: Waymo - Opened to first public riders by invitation source
81. 24 Feb 2026First in cityFirst public driverless rides in San Antonio: Waymo - Opened to first public riders by invitation source
82. 23 Feb 2026RegulationHong Kong SAR, China: Cross-district trial to Tung Chung and Sunny Bay; remote backup operators added source
83. 11 Feb 2026Cao Cao Mobility in Hangzhou: public rides with a safety operator - 100th robotaxi entered operation in Hangzhou; fleet operated with safety drivers source
84. Feb 2026RegulationNew York, United States: Hochul dropped robotaxi expansion from budget proposal source
85. Feb 2026WeRide in Dubai: driverless testing - RTA grants driverless vehicle permit. source
86. 23 Jan 2026First in cityFirst public driverless rides in Miami: Waymo - Public launch to select riders invited on a rolling basis source
87. 22 Jan 2026Tesla Robotaxi in Austin: paid driverless service - A few unsupervised Model Ys mixed into the monitored fleet, followed by chase vehicles source
88. 17 Jan 2026Apollo Go (Baidu) in Abu Dhabi: paid driverless service - Fully driverless ride-hailing open to the public on Yas Island via the AutoGo app, after ITC commercial permit in November 2025. source
89. 16 Jan 2026WeRide in Guangzhou: paid driverless service - Reported as already achieved by this date (fully driverless commercial operations, per the company); start date not published source
90. 13 Jan 2026RegulationJapan: First Level 4 operation on public roads in the Tokyo metropolitan area (Kashiwa-no-ha shuttle bus, Chiba). source
91. 12 Jan 2026WeRide in Singapore: public rides with a safety operator - Community rides on Route 1 begin, invitation-only for Punggol residents. source
92. Jan 2026Apollo Go (Baidu) in Dubai: driverless testing - Apollo Go receives Dubai's first fully driverless testing permit; Apollo Go Park opened. source
93. Jan 2026RegulationDubai, United Arab Emirates: Apollo Go receives Dubai's first fully driverless testing permit. source
94. Jan 2026Nuro in San Francisco: testing with safety driver - Autonomous on-road testing of Lucid Gravity robotaxis announced at CES 2026 source
95. Jan 2026Xpeng (Yoyo robotaxi) in Guangzhou: testing with safety driver - Regular road tests began; internal ride tests from July 2026 (over 2,000 rides by Aug 2026) source
96. 2026MOIA in Oslo: testing with safety driver - ID. Buzz vehicles in commissioning until spring 2026; earlier Holo pilot with NIO ES8 cars and safety operator ran from late 2023 until February 2026 source

2025

1. 3 Dec 2025Avride in Dallas: public rides with a safety operator - Uber robotaxi service launched with a safety driver source
2. 1 Dec 2025RegulationTexas, United States: Deadline for TxDMV and DPS implementing rules source
3. Dec 2025DiDi Autonomous Driving in Guangzhou: public driverless rides (free) - R1 open to the public with round-the-clock fully driverless passenger trials source
4. Dec 2025SuspendedHello (Hellobike robotaxi) in Zhuzhou: suspended - Service suspended by local authorities after robotaxi hit two pedestrians on 2025-12-06 source
5. Dec 2025WeRide in Dubai: public rides with a safety operator - Supervised trial on Uber begins. source
6. 27 Nov 2025Nissan in Yokohama: public rides with a safety operator - Pilot with 5 Serena vehicles, safety drivers and up to 300 public monitors riding free (to Jan 2026). source
7. 26 Nov 2025First in cityFirst public driverless rides in Abu Dhabi: WeRide - Public commercial fully driverless operations start on Yas Island via Uber after federal permit (Oct 2025) and ITC licence to WeRide and Tawasul. source
8. 20 Nov 2025RegulationSwitzerland: FEDRO driverless permit for WeRide robotaxi in Furttal source
9. 18 Nov 2025Zoox in San Francisco: public driverless rides (free) - Zoox Explorers public launch with free rides and a waitlist source
10. 13 Nov 2025RegulationGermany: KBA approves HOLON urban under section 16 AFGBV for nationwide autonomous testing with safety driver source
11. 11 Nov 2025RegulationAbu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates: ITC issues one of the first fully driverless commercial permits to Apollo Go and AutoGo. source
12. Nov 2025First in cityFirst public driverless rides in Guangzhou: Pony.ai - Gen-7 fully driverless commercial operations kicked off source
13. Nov 2025Pony.ai in Beijing: paid driverless service - Gen-7 fully driverless commercial operations kicked off in Beijing source
14. Nov 2025WeRide in Furttal: testing with safety driver - Testing with on-board safety driver; FEDRO granted driverless permit for Furttal (first driverless robotaxi permit for passengers in Switzerland) source
15. 27 Oct 2025RegulationSaudi Arabia: WeRide graduates from the sandbox and launches public robotaxi rides on Uber in Riyadh with safety drivers. source
16. 27 Oct 2025WeRide in Riyadh: public rides with a safety operator - Uber riders can select a WeRide Robotaxi GXR; a safety driver accompanies passengers. TGA issued Saudi Arabia's first robotaxi permit. source
17. Oct 2025RegulationAbu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates: WeRide robotaxi obtains a federal permit for fully driverless commercial operations; ITC then licenses WeRide and Tawasul. source
18. 10 Sep 2025First in cityFirst public driverless rides in Las Vegas: Zoox - Free public rides on fixed Strip routes source
19. 10 Sep 2025May Mobility in Atlanta: public rides with a safety operator - Lyft pilot with a standby operator in each vehicle source
20. 1 Sep 2025RegulationTexas, United States: SB 2807 effective source
21. Sep 2025Pony.ai in Dubai: testing with safety driver - RTA testing permit, months of on-road validation. source
22. 15 Aug 2025Apollo Go (Baidu) in Shanghai: public driverless rides (free) - Fully driverless pilot launched in Jinqiao with Dazhong after demonstration operation permit (2025-07-26) source
23. 6 Aug 2025RegulationUnited States (federal): NHTSA granted Zoox an exemption under its Automated Vehicle Exemption Program source
24. Aug 2025Apollo Go (Baidu) in Dubai: testing with safety driver - Trials begin with 50 RT6 vehicles in Dubai Silicon Oasis and Jumeirah. source
25. Aug 2025HOLON in Hamburg: testing with safety driver - First HOLON urban arrived in Hamburg; technical test operation from late summer/autumn 2025 with safety driver; KBA test approval 2025-11-13 source
26. Aug 2025RegulationNew York, United States: NYC approved Waymo supervised testing source
27. Aug 2025Waymo in New York City: testing with safety driver - NYC approved testing; eight vehicles with a specialist behind the wheel in Downtown Brooklyn and Manhattan south of 112th St source
28. 26 Jul 2025RegulationShanghai, China: First eight ICV demonstration operation permits issued at WAIC source
29. 26 Jul 2025WeRide in Shanghai: public rides with a safety operator - L4 robotaxi service launched in Pudong with Chery and Jinjiang Taxi source
30. Jul 2025First in cityFirst public driverless rides in Shanghai: Pony.ai - Permit (2025-07-26) and launch of fully driverless commercial operations in Pudong in late July source
31. Jul 2025RegulationSaudi Arabia: TGA regulatory sandbox for autonomous vehicle piloting established. source
32. 24 Jun 2025First in cityFirst public driverless rides in Atlanta: Waymo - Commercial service launched on Uber source
33. 22 Jun 2025Tesla Robotaxi in Austin: public rides with a safety operator - Limited service with human safety monitors in Model Y source
34. 20 Jun 2025RegulationTexas, United States: SB 2807 signed by the Governor source
35. Jun 2025SWM (SWM.ai) in Seoul: public rides with a safety operator - Service expanded to all of Gangnam. source
36. 16 May 2025WeRide in Abu Dhabi: driverless testing - Fully driverless trial operations announced on public roads (Q2 2025), Al Maryah and Al Reem added. source
37. 9 Apr 2025RegulationLuxembourg: Scientific Level 4 testing permit for Pony.ai Europe source
38. 9 Apr 2025Pony.ai in Luxembourg: testing with safety driver - Pony.ai Europe received a scientific Level 4 testing permit from Luxembourg's Ministry of Mobility; on-road testing with Emile Weber to follow source
39. 1 Apr 2025RegulationBeijing, China: Beijing autonomous vehicle regulations take effect source
40. 27 Mar 2025Pony.ai in Shenzhen: paid driverless service - First permit for paid fully driverless robotaxis in Nanshan District source
41. 27 Mar 2025RegulationShenzhen, Guangdong, China: First paid fully driverless permit in Nanshan city centre (Pony.ai) source
42. 10 Mar 2025Nissan in Yokohama: driverless testing - Demonstration of a test vehicle with no driver on board on public roads in Minato Mirai (remote driver able to intervene). source
43. 4 Mar 2025First in cityFirst public driverless rides in Austin: Waymo - Commercial service launched on Uber source
44. 28 Feb 2025RegulationGuangzhou, Guangdong, China: Guangzhou ICV regulations take effect source
45. 21 Feb 2025Pony.ai in Guangzhou: public rides with a safety operator - Demonstration line linking downtown with Baiyun Airport and Guangzhou South Railway Station source
46. 12 Feb 2025First in cityFirst public driverless rides in Peachtree Corners: May Mobility - Safety operator removed; weekdays 9:30-15:00 source
47. 3 Feb 2025Ibaraki Kotsu in Hitachi: public rides with a safety operator - Level 4 (specified automated operation) commercial route bus service starts after Ibaraki Public Safety Commission permit (2024-12-18); company staff still on board. source
48. 2025Apollo Go (Baidu) in Abu Dhabi: driverless testing - Months of fully driverless public-road testing before the November 2025 permit. source
49. 2025DiDi Autonomous Driving in Beijing: driverless testing - Fully driverless tests in Beijing since start of 2025 source
50. 2025DiDi Autonomous Driving in Guangzhou: driverless testing - Fully driverless tests in Guangzhou since start of 2025 source
51. 2025MOIA in Hamburg: testing with safety driver - MOIA employees and selected participants took test rides from the previous year source
52. 2025Tesla Robotaxi in San Francisco: public rides with a safety operator - Ride-hailing with a safety driver under a California charter-party carrier (TCP) permit source
53. 2025Waymo in Tokyo: testing with safety driver - First vehicles brought to Tokyo for initial testing source

2024

1. 18 Dec 2024RegulationJapan: First specified automated operation permit for a commercial vehicle (Hitachi BRT, Ibaraki). source
2. 10 Dec 2024EndedCruise in Austin: ended - GM ended Cruise as a robotaxi business source
3. 10 Dec 2024EndedCruise in Phoenix: ended - GM ended Cruise as a robotaxi business source
4. 10 Dec 2024EndedCruise in San Francisco: ended - GM ended Cruise as a robotaxi business source
5. Dec 2024Apollo Go (Baidu) in Hong Kong: testing with safety driver - First HK AV pilot licence (issued 2024-11-29), 10 vehicles, North Lantau, backup operator on board source
6. Dec 2024WeRide in Abu Dhabi: public rides with a safety operator - WeRide and Uber launch robotaxi ride-hailing partnership in Abu Dhabi (WeRide has served Yas, Saadiyat and airport routes since 2021). source
7. 29 Nov 2024RegulationHong Kong SAR, China: First AV pilot licence issued (North Lantau, 10 vehicles) source
8. 12 Nov 2024First in cityFirst public driverless rides in Los Angeles: Waymo - Full commercial service launched source
9. Nov 2024Apollo Go (Baidu) in Dongguan: testing with safety driver - Testing began late November 2024 source
10. Nov 2024Apollo Go (Baidu) in Jiangmen: testing with safety driver - Testing began late November 2024 source
11. 26 Sep 2024SWM (SWM.ai) in Seoul: public rides with a safety operator - Korea's first late-night autonomous taxi starts in Gangnam, free of charge, with a test driver on board. source
12. 26 Sep 2024RegulationSouth Korea (Seoul): Late-night autonomous taxi pilot starts in Gangnam. source
13. Sep 2024May Mobility in Peachtree Corners: public rides with a safety operator - Service began with a safety operator source
14. 5 Aug 2024RegulationGuangzhou, Guangdong, China: Draft ICV regulation published for comment source
15. Jul 2024Apollo Go (Baidu) in Guangzhou: public rides with a safety operator - Apollo Go officially began robotaxi service in Guangzhou source
16. 25 Jun 2024Waymo in San Francisco: paid driverless service - Service opened to everyone source
17. 4 Jun 2024RegulationChina (national): MIIT announces first nine automakers in the L3/L4 access pilot source
18. Jun 2024Deutsche Bahn (DB Regio) / RMV - KIRA in Darmstadt: testing with safety driver - Test operation started with KBA Level 4 test permit, safety driver behind the wheel, no passengers at start source
19. 20 May 2024RegulationUnited Kingdom: Automated Vehicles Act 2024 enacted source
20. Apr 2024Waymo in Washington, D.C.: testing with safety driver - Mapping and testing began; about two dozen vehicles by Oct 2025 source
21. 1 Mar 2024RegulationBeijing, China: Permits for robotaxi service to Daxing Airport with safety inspector source
22. 1 Mar 2024RegulationHong Kong SAR, China: AV regulatory regime (Cap. 374AA) comes into operation source
23. 2024Zoox in Austin: testing with safety driver - Almost two years of testing before the March 2026 announcement source

2023

1. 17 Nov 2023WeRide in Beijing: paid driverless service - Approval for paid fully driverless robotaxi service in Yizhuang, remote monitoring source
2. 15 Nov 2023First in cityFirst public driverless rides in Ordos: WeRide - Robotaxi operations started; free rides, remote support centre source
3. 24 Oct 2023RegulationCalifornia, United States: DMV suspended Cruise driverless permits source
4. 24 Oct 2023SuspendedCruise in San Francisco: suspended - DMV suspended driverless permits; CPUC suspended revenue permit source
5. Oct 2023SuspendedCruise in Austin: suspended - Driverless operations paused nationwide source
6. Oct 2023SuspendedCruise in Phoenix: suspended - Driverless operations paused nationwide source
7. 10 Aug 2023RegulationCalifornia, United States: CPUC approved Cruise and Waymo charging fares for driverless service in San Francisco source
8. 10 Aug 2023Cruise in San Francisco: paid driverless service - CPUC approved 24/7 paid service citywide source
9. 10 Aug 2023Waymo in San Francisco: paid driverless service - CPUC approved fares for driverless passenger service in San Francisco source
10. Jul 2023RegulationAbu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates: WeRide receives the UAE's first national licence for self-driving vehicles covering testing and operation on public roads. source
11. 17 Jun 2023Apollo Go (Baidu) in Shenzhen: paid driverless service - Pingshan issued the first unmanned commercial pilot permit; paid fully driverless rides 7:00-22:00 source
12. 17 Jun 2023RegulationShenzhen, Guangdong, China: Pingshan issues first unmanned commercial pilot permit (Apollo Go) source
13. Jun 2023Yandex (autonomous driving unit) in Moscow: public rides with a safety operator - Passenger test use began in Yasenevo with a test driver in the cabin source
14. Jun 2023Zoox in Las Vegas: testing with safety driver - Las Vegas testing began source
15. May 2023RegulationJapan: Japan's first Level 4 public road service starts in Eiheiji, Fukui. source
16. Apr 2023Apollo Go (Baidu) in Shanghai: public rides with a safety operator - Dazhong and Apollo Go received one of Shanghai's first intelligent connected taxi permits (Jiading) source
17. Apr 2023RegulationJapan: Road Traffic Act amendment allows Level 4 on public roads. source
18. 17 Mar 2023RegulationBeijing, China: First fully driverless robotaxi permits in Yizhuang (Apollo Go, Pony.ai) source
19. 17 Mar 2023First in cityFirst public driverless rides in Beijing: Apollo Go (Baidu) - Permit for fully driverless rides in Yizhuang (10 vehicles) source
20. 2023Auve Tech in Tallinn: testing with safety driver - Testing began source

2022

1. 8 Aug 2022First in cityFirst public driverless rides in Chongqing: Apollo Go (Baidu) - Permit for commercial fully driverless ride-hailing in Yongchuan, five vehicles, 9:30am-4:30pm source
2. 8 Aug 2022First in cityFirst public driverless rides in Wuhan: Apollo Go (Baidu) - Permit for commercial fully driverless ride-hailing, 13 sq km, five vehicles, 9am-5pm source
3. 8 Aug 2022RegulationWuhan, Hubei, China: First commercial fully driverless ride-hailing permits (Apollo Go) source
4. 1 Aug 2022RegulationShenzhen, Guangdong, China: Shenzhen ICV regulation takes effect source
5. Aug 2022Motional in Las Vegas: public rides with a safety operator - Public Lyft service with safety drivers source
6. 24 Jun 2022RegulationGermany: AFGBV ordinance on approval and operation of vehicles with autonomous driving function adopted, in force 2022-07-01 source
7. Jun 2022Cruise in San Francisco: paid driverless service - First California driverless deployment permit allowed paid rides source
8. 10 Mar 2022RegulationUnited States (federal): NHTSA finalized occupant protection rules for vehicles without driving controls source
9. Mar 2022Waymo in San Francisco: driverless rides for employees or invitees - Driverless rides for staff source
10. Feb 2022First in cityFirst public driverless rides in San Francisco: Cruise - Driverless service opened to the public source
11. Jan 2022RegulationRussia (Moscow and other experimental zones): Government resolved disagreements; experimental legal regime for Moscow robotaxi testing to be published source

2021

1. 29 Sep 2021RegulationArizona, United States: Statute took effect; existing operators had 60 days to file interaction plans source
2. Sep 2021Cruise in San Francisco: driverless rides for employees or invitees - DMV permit for driverless rides without safety drivers source
3. Aug 2021Waymo in San Francisco: public rides with a safety operator - Consumer testing program launched source
4. 29 Jun 2021RegulationFrance: Decree 2021-873 adopted (published 2021-07-01) source
5. Jan 2021First in cityFirst public driverless rides in Shenzhen: AutoX - Public trial via sign-up page; Shenzhen officials disputed approval at the time source
6. 2021RegulationNevada, United States: AB 412 updated the AV framework source

2020

1. 20 Nov 2020RegulationCalifornia, United States: CPUC authorized deployment programs with fares (D.20-11-046) source
2. 8 Oct 2020First in cityFirst public driverless rides in Phoenix: Waymo - Fully driverless commercial service opened source
3. 10 Sep 2020Apollo Go (Baidu) in Beijing: public rides with a safety operator - Apollo Go robotaxi service launched to the public in Beijing source
4. 2020AutoX in Shenzhen: driverless testing - 25 vehicles tested driverless in Pingshan from mid-2020 source
5. 2020RegulationDistrict of Columbia, United States: Council passed AV testing law source

2019

1. 2019RegulationNevada, United States: AB 23 updated the AV framework source
2. 2019WeRide in Guangzhou: public rides with a safety operator - WeRide launched China's first paid autonomous ride-hailing service in Guangzhou source

2018

1. Dec 2018Waymo in Phoenix: public rides with a safety operator - Waymo One launched, with safety drivers on some rides source
2. 31 May 2018RegulationCalifornia, United States: CPUC authorized drivered and driverless pilot programs (D.18-05-043) source
3. 14 May 2018RegulationArizona, United States: DPS law enforcement protocol for AVs referenced by statute source
4. 2018Wayve in London: testing with safety driver - Wayve has tested on London roads since 2018 source
5. 2018Yandex (autonomous driving unit) in Innopolis: public rides with a safety operator - Self-driving taxis operating in Innopolis since 2018 source

2017

1. 22 Nov 2017RegulationSingapore: CETRAN AV Test Centre launched. source
2. Oct 2017Waymo in Phoenix: driverless testing - Testing without safety drivers began in Chandler source
3. 2017RegulationSingapore: Road Traffic (Autonomous Motor Vehicles) Rules 2017 introduced. source

2012

1. Apr 2012RegulationFlorida, United States: Florida allowed public road testing of automated vehicles source

2011

1. Jun 2011RegulationNevada, United States: AB 511 authorized automated vehicles on public roads source